I would’ve had a hard time folding, getting a little over 2:1, especially when you said you saw him bluff on paired board.
I guess there could be some 9x in his limp/call range, but he might also be bluffing diamonds draw, JT, QT, QJ, KQ
Reading your title, I guess you lost vs 33 or 9x (?) But i think it’s still a call if we think about his range
Actually, his donk shove ott reps a 9x but if so, why not x/r? Or check and push river if you check back turn.
He might used the scary paired board to semi bluff a double draw, (12-15 outs)